Oncotarget

Clinical Research Papers:

Characteristics of young lung cancer: Analysis of Taiwan's nationwide lung cancer registry focusing on epidermal growth factor receptor mutation and smoking status

Chia-Hung Hsu, Chien-Hua Tseng, Chun-Ju Chiang, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Kun-Chieh Chen, Chih-Liang Wang, Chih-Yi Chen, Sang-Hue Yen, Chao-Hua Chiu, Ming-Shyan Huang, Chong-Jen Yu, Ying-Huang Tsai, Jin-Shing Chen, Chun-Ming Tsai, Teh-Ying Chou, Kuei-Chih Lin, Ming-Hsun Tsai, Wen-Chung Lee, Hsiu-Ying Ku, Tsang-Wu Liu, Tsung-Ying Yang and Gee-Chen Chang _

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Oncotarget. 2016; 7:46628-46635. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.9338

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Abstract

Chia-Hung Hsu1,*, Chien-Hua Tseng2,*, Chun-Ju Chiang3,4, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu5,6, Jeng-Sen Tseng1,7, Kun-Chieh Chen1, Chih-Liang Wang8,9, Chih-Yi Chen10,11, Sang-Hue Yen12, Chao-Hua Chiu7,13,14, Ming-Shyan Huang15,16, Chong-Jen Yu17,18, Ying-Huang Tsai19,20,21, Jin-Shing Chen18,22,23, Chun-Ming Tsai7,24, Teh-Ying Chou13,25, Kuei-Chih Lin12, Ming-Hsun Tsai3,4, Wen-Chung Lee3,4, Hsiu-Ying Ku26, Tsang-Wu Liu26, Tsung-Ying Yang1,7, Gee-Chen Chang1,6,7

1Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

2Division of Critical Care Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

3Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

4Taiwan Cancer Registry, Taipei, Taiwan

5Division of Critical Care and Respiratory Therapy, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

6Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan

7Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan

8Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan

9College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan

10Department of Surgery, Chung-Shang Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

11Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

12Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

13Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan

14Division of Thoracic Oncology, Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

15Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

16School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

17Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

18College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

19Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Puzi City, Taiwan

20Department of Respiratory Therapy, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan

21Graduate Taipei Medicine College, Taipei, Taiwan

22Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

23Department of Traumatology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

24Division of Thoracic Oncology, Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

25Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

26National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan

*These authors contributed equally to this work

Correspondence to:

Gee-Chen Chang, email: [email protected]

Tsung-Ying Yang, email: [email protected]

Keywords: lung cancer, adenocarcinoma, young patients, EGFR

Received: March 09, 2016     Accepted: April 27, 2016     Published: May 13, 2016

ABSTRACT

Lung cancer is relatively rare in young patients as the median age at diagnosis is 65–70 years. The main objective of this nationwide study was to investigate the characteristics of young lung cancer in Taiwan, especially the relationships among smoking behavior, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, and age. The National Taiwan Lung Cancer Registry, a database contain detailed cancer statistics, was analyzed in this study for the period 2011–2012. Young lung cancer was defined as age ≦ 45 years. There were 21,536 lung cancer patients (13,187 men and 8349 women). Among these patients, 1074 (5.0%) were in the younger group, and 20,462 patients (95.0%) were in the older group. Female gender (48.8% versus 38.2%, P < 0.001), never-smokers (47.3% versus 43.8%, P = 0.015), and adenocarcinoma (70.4% versus 58.1%, P < 0.001) were more frequent in the younger group. While the EGFR mutation rate was lower in the younger group (52.5% versus 60.6%, P = 0.001), the primary site of lung cancer and stage distribution were not significantly different. If only adenocarcinoma patients were included in the analysis, female gender, older age, and never-smokers were more likely to have EGFR mutation. In conclusion, lung cancer in young patients (≦ 45 year-old) was associated with unique characteristics, with greater percentages of female patients, adenocarcinoma, and never-smokers and a lower EGFR mutation rate compared with older patients.


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