Oncotarget

Research Papers:

Identifying and targeting determinants of melanoma cellular invasion

Aparna Jayachandran, Prashanth Prithviraj, Pu-Han Lo, Marzena Walkiewicz, Matthew Anaka, Briannyn L. Woods, BeeShin Tan, Andreas Behren, Jonathan Cebon and Sonja J. McKeown _

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Oncotarget. 2016; 7:41186-41202. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.9227

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Abstract

Aparna Jayachandran1,2,3,4,5, Prashanth Prithviraj1,2,3, Pu-Han Lo2, Marzena Walkiewicz1,2, Matthew Anaka1,2,3, Briannyn L. Woods6, BeeShin Tan1,2,3, Andreas Behren1,2,3,4,*, Jonathan Cebon1,2,3,4,*, Sonja J. McKeown6,*

1Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Olivia Newton-John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia

2Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Melbourne-Austin Branch, Victoria, Australia

3Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

4School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia

5The University of Queensland School of Medicine and the Gallipoli Medical Research Institute, Greenslopes Private Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

6Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

*These authors contributed equally to this work

Correspondence to:

Sonja J. McKeown, email: [email protected]

Keywords: embryonic chicken transplantation, melanoma, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasion

Received: November 25, 2015     Accepted: April 22, 2016     Published: May 09, 2016

ABSTRACT

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is a critical process that increases the malignant potential of melanoma by facilitating invasion and dissemination of tumor cells. This study identified genes involved in the regulation of cellular invasion and evaluated whether they can be targeted to inhibit melanoma invasion. We identified Peroxidasin (PXDN), Netrin 4 (NTN4) and GLIS Family Zinc Finger 3 (GLIS3) genes consistently elevated in invasive mesenchymal-like melanoma cells. These genes and proteins were highly expressed in metastatic melanoma tumors, and gene silencing led to reduced melanoma invasion in vitro. Furthermore, migration of PXDN, NTN4 or GLIS3 siRNA transfected melanoma cells was inhibited following transplantation into the embryonic chicken neural tube compared to control siRNA transfected melanoma cells. Our study suggests that PXDN, NTN4 and GLIS3 play a functional role in promoting melanoma cellular invasion, and therapeutic approaches directed toward inhibiting the action of these proteins may reduce the incidence or progression of metastasis in melanoma patients.


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