Research Papers: Pathology:
Decellularized allogeneic intervertebral disc: natural biomaterials for regenerating disc degeneration
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Abstract
Xianfeng Lin1,2,*, Xiangqian Fang1,2,*, Qiang Wang1,2,*, Zhijun Hu1,2, Kai Chen3, Zhi Shan1, Shuai Chen1,2, Jiying Wang1,2, Jian Mo1,2, Jianjun Ma1,2, Wenbing Xu1,2, An Qin4 and Shunwu Fan1,2
1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
2 Institute of Micro-Invasive Surgery of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
3 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
4 Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implant, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
* These authors have contributed equally
Correspondence to:
Shunwu Fan, email:
An Qin, email:
Keywords: intervertebral disc, decellularization, extracellular matrix, disc degeneration, mesenchymal stem cell, Pathology Section
Received: November 26, 2015 Accepted: February 18, 2016 Published: February 25, 2016
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration is associated with back pain and disc herniation. This study established a modified protocol for intervertebral disc (IVD) decellularization and prepared its extracellular matrix (ECM). By culturing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)(3, 7, 14 and 21 days) and human degenerative IVD cells (7 days) in the ECM, implanting it subcutaneously in rabbit and injecting ECM microparticles into degenerative disc, the biological safety and efficacy of decellularized IVD was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Here, we demonstrated that cellular components can be removed completely after decellularization and maximally retain the structure and biomechanics of native IVD. We revealed that allogeneic ECM did not evoke any apparent inflammatory reaction in vivo and no cytotoxicity was found in vitro. Moreover, IVD ECM can induce differentiation of MSCs into IVD-like cells in vitro. Furthermore, allogeneic ECM microparticles are effective on the treatment of rabbit disc degeneration in vivo. In conclusion, our study developed an optimized method for IVD decellularization and we proved decellularized IVD is safe and effective for the treatment of degenerated disc diseases.
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