Research Papers:
Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor, induces formation of stress granules in hepatocarcinoma cells
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Abstract
Pauline Adjibade1,2,3, Valérie Grenier St-Sauveur1,2,3, Miguel Quevillon Huberdeau1,2,3, Marie-Josée Fournier1,2,3, Andreanne Savard1,2,3, Laetitia Coudert1,2,3, Edouard W. Khandjian4,5, Rachid Mazroui1,2,3
1Centre de Recherche du toCHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, PQ, Canada
2Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Biochimie Médicale et Pathologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, PQ, Canada
3Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de l’Université Laval, Université Laval, Québec, PQ, Canada
4Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, PQ, Canada
5Département de Psychiatrie et de Neurosciences, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, PQ, Canada
Correspondence to:
Rachid Mazroui, e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: stress granules, sorafenib, PERK, eIF2a, ATF4
Received: July 13, 2015 Accepted: October 04, 2015 Published: November 02, 2015
ABSTRACT
Stress granules (SGs) are cytoplasmic RNA multimeric bodies that form under stress conditions known to inhibit translation initiation. In most reported stress cases, the formation of SGs was associated with the cell recovery from stress and survival. In cells derived from cancer, SGs formation was shown to promote resistance to either proteasome inhibitors or 5-Fluorouracil used as chemotherapeutic agents. Despite these studies, the induction of SGs by chemotherapeutic drugs contributing to cancer cells resistance is still understudied. Here we identified sorafenib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat hepatocarcinoma, as a potent chemotherapeutic inducer of SGs. The formation of SGs in sorafenib-treated hepatocarcionoma cells correlates with inhibition of translation initiation; both events requiring the phosphorylation of the translation initiation factor eIF2α. Further characterisation of the mechanism of sorafenib-induced SGs revealed PERK as the main eIF2α kinase responsible for SGs formation. Depletion experiments support the implication of PERK-eIF2α-SGs pathway in hepatocarcinoma cells resistance to sorafenib. This study also suggests the existence of an unexpected complex regulatory balance between SGs and phospho-eIF2α where SGs dampen the activation of the phospho-eIF2α-downstream ATF4 cell death pathway.
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PII: 5980