Oncotarget

Research Papers:

Curcumin inhibits in vitro and in vivo chronic myelogenous leukemia cells growth: a possible role for exosomal disposal of miR-21

Simona Taverna _, Marco Giallombardo, Marzia Pucci, Anna Flugy, Mauro Manno, Samuele Raccosta, Christian Rolfo, Giacomo De Leo and Riccardo Alessandro

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Oncotarget. 2015; 6:21918-21933. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.4204

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Abstract

Simona Taverna1, Marco Giallombardo1, Marzia Pucci1, Anna Flugy1, Mauro Manno2, Samuele Raccosta2, Christian Rolfo3, Giacomo De Leo1, Riccardo Alessandro1,4

1Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Metodologie Biomediche, Sezione di Biologia e Genetica, Università di Palermo, Italy

2Istituto di Biofisica, CNR, Palermo, Italy

3Phase I - Early Clinical Trials Unit Oncology Department and Center of Oncological Research (CORE), University Hospital Antwerp & Antwerp University, Belgium

4Istituto di Biomedicina e Immunologia Molecolare (IBIM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy

Correspondence to:

Riccardo Alessandro, e-mail: [email protected]

Keywords: exosomes, microRNAs, CML, curcumin, miR-21

Received: March 24, 2015     Accepted: May 26, 2015     Published: June 08, 2015

ABSTRACT

Exosomes are nanosize vesicles released from cancer cells containing microRNAs that can influence gene expression in target cells. Curcumin has been shown to exhibit antitumor activities in a wide spectrum of human cancer. The addition of Curcumin, to Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) cells, caused a dose-dependent increase of PTEN, target of miR-21. Curcumin treatment also decreased AKT phosphorylation and VEGF expression and release. Colony formation assays indicated that Curcumin affects the survival of CML cells. Some observation suggest a possible cellular disposal of miRNAs by exosomes. To elucidate if Curcumin caused a decrease of miR-21 in CML cells and its packaging in exosomes, we analyzed miR-21 content in K562 and LAMA84 cells and exosomes, after treatment with Curcumin. Furthermore, we showed that addition of Curcumin to CML cells caused a downregulation of Bcr-Abl expression through the cellular increase of miR-196b.

The effects of Curcumin was then investigated on a CML xenograft in SCID mice. We observed that animals treated with Curcumin, developed smaller tumors compared to mice control. Real time PCR analysis showed that exosomes, released in the plasma of the Curcumin-treated mice, were enriched in miR-21 with respect control. Taken together, our results suggested that a selective packaging of miR-21 in exosomes may contribute to the antileukemic effect of Curcumin in CML.


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