Oncotarget

Research Papers:

PARP inhibition sensitizes childhood high grade glioma, medulloblastoma and ependymoma to radiation

Dannis Gilbert Van Vuurden _, Esther Hulleman, Olga L.M. Meijer, Laurine E. Wedekind, Marcel Kool, Hendrik Witt, W. Peter Vandertop, Thomas Würdinger, David P. Noske, Gertjan J.L. Kaspers and Jacqueline Cloos

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Oncotarget. 2011; 2:984-996. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.362

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Abstract

Dannis G. van Vuurden1, Esther Hulleman1, Olga L.M. Meijer1, Laurine E. Wedekind1, Marcel Kool2, Hendrik Witt2,3, W. Peter Vandertop4, Thomas Würdinger4,5, David P. Noske4, Gertjan J.L. Kaspers6 and Jacqueline Cloos6,7

1 Department of Pediatric Oncology / Hematology, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

2 Department of Molecular Genetics of Childhood Brain Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany

3 Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Germany

4 Departments of Neurosurgery, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

5 Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

6 Department of Pediatric Oncology / Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

7 Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

Received: November 24, 2011; Accepted: December 9, 2011; Published: December 15, 2011;

Keywords:PARP, radiation, medulloblastoma, ependymoma, glioma, pediatric

Correspondence:

Dannis van Vuurden, email:

Abstract

Poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) is a protein involved in single strand break repair.  Recently, PARP inhibitors have shown considerable promise in the treatment of several cancers, both in monotherapy and in combination with cytotoxic agents. Synthetic lethal action of PARP inhibitors has been observed in tumors with mutations in double strand break repair pathways. In addition, PARP inhibition potentially enhances sensitivity of tumor cells to DNA damaging agents, including radiotherapy.  Aim of this study is to determine the radiosensitizing properties of the PARP inhibitor Olaparib in childhood medulloblastoma, ependymoma and high grade glioma (HGG). Increased PARP1 expression was observed in medulloblastoma, ependymoma and HGG, as compared to non-neoplastic brain tissue. Pediatric high grade glioma, medulloblastoma and ependymoma gene expression profiling revealed that high PARP1 expression is associated with poor prognosis. Cell growth inhibition assays with Olaparib resulted in differential sensitivity, with IC50 values ranging from 1.4 to 8.4 µM, irrespective of tumor type and PARP1 protein expression. Sensitization to radiation was observed in medulloblastoma, ependymoma and HGG cell lines with subcytotoxic concentrations of Olaparib, which coincided with persistence of double strand breaks. Combining PARP inhibitors with radiotherapy in clinical studies in childhood high grade brain tumors may improve therapeutic outcome.


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