Oncotarget

Research Papers:

Inhibition of β-Catenin signaling suppresses pancreatic tumor growth by disrupting nuclear β-Catenin/TCF-1 complex: critical role of STAT-3

Kartick C. Pramanik _, Neel M. Fofaria, Parul Gupta, Alok Ranjan, Sung-Hoon Kim and Sanjay K. Srivastava

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Oncotarget. 2015; 6:11561-11574. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.3427

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Abstract

Kartick C. Pramanik1, Neel M. Fofaria1, Parul Gupta1, Alok Ranjan1, Sung-Hoon Kim2, Sanjay K. Srivastava1,2

1Department of Biomedical Sciences and Cancer Biology Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA

2Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kyunghee University, Dongdaemun-ku, Seoul 131–701, South Korea

Correspondence to:

Sanjay K. Srivastava, e-mail: [email protected]

Sung-Hoon Kim, e-mail: [email protected]

Keywords: STAT3, β-catenin, GSK-3β, pancreatic cancer, orthotopic tumor

Received: November 26, 2014     Accepted: February 23, 2015     Published: March 21, 2015

ABSTRACT

Aberrant activation of β-catenin/TCF signaling is related to the invasiveness of pancreatic cancer. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of capsaicin on β-catenin/TCF signaling. In a concentration and time-dependent study, we observed that capsaicin treatment inhibits the activation of dishevelled (Dsh) protein DvI-1 in L3.6PL, PanC-1 and MiaPaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells. Capsaicin treatment induced GSK-3β by inhibiting its phosphorylation and further activated APC and Axin multicomplex, leading to the proteasomal degradation of β-catenin. Expression of TCF-1 and β-catenin-responsive proteins, c-Myc and cyclin D1 also decreased in response to capsaicin treatment. Pre-treatment of cells with MG-132 blocked capsaicin-mediated proteasomal degradation of β-catenin. To establish the involvement of β-catenin in capsaicin-induced apoptosis, cells were treated with LiCl or SB415286, inhibitors of GSK-3β. Our results reveal that capsaicin treatment suppressed LiCl or SB415286-mediated activation of β-catenin signaling. Our results further showed that capsaicin blocked nuclear translocation of β-catenin, TCF-1 and p-STAT-3 (Tyr705). The immunoprecipitation results indicated that capsaicin treatment reduced the interaction of β-catenin and TCF-1 in the nucleus. Moreover, capsaicin treatment significantly decreased the phosphorylation of STAT-3 at Tyr705. Interestingly, STAT-3 over expression or STAT-3 activation by IL-6, significantly increased the levels of β-catenin and attenuated the effects of capsaicin in inhibiting β-catenin signaling. Finally, capsaicin mediated inhibition of orthotopic tumor growth was associated with inhibition of β-catenin/TCF-1 signaling. Taken together, our results suggest that capsaicin-induced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells was associated with inhibition of β-catenin signaling due to the dissociation of β-catenin/TCF-1 complex and the process was orchestrated by STAT-3.


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