Research Papers:
Molecular profiling of prostate cancer derived exosomes may reveal a predictive signature for response to docetaxel
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Abstract
Pedram Kharaziha1, Dimitris Chioureas1, Dorothea Rutishauser2,3, George Baltatzis4, Lena Lennartsson1, Pedro Fonseca1, Alireza Azimi1, Kjell Hultenby5, Roman Zubarev2,3, Anders Ullén1, Jeffrey Yachnin1, Sten Nilsson1, Theocharis Panaretakis1
1Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
2Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
3Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
4Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
5Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
Correspondence to:
Theocharis Panaretakis, e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: Prostate cancer, exosomes, docetaxel, resistance, biomarkers
Received: September 17, 2014 Accepted: January 27, 2015 Published: March 12, 2015
ABSTRACT
Docetaxel is a cornerstone treatment for metastatic, castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) which remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, worldwide. The clinical usage of docetaxel has resulted in modest gains in survival, primarily due to the development of resistance. There are currently no clinical biomarkers available that predict whether a CRPC patient will respond or acquire resistance to this therapy. Comparative proteomics analysis of exosomes secreted from DU145 prostate cancer cells that are sensitive (DU145 Tax-Sen) or have acquired resistance (DU145 Tax-Res) to docetaxel, demonstrated significant differences in the amount of exosomes secreted and in their molecular composition. A panel of proteins was identified by proteomics to be differentially enriched in DU145 Tax-Res compared to DU145 Tax-Sen exosomes and was validated by western blotting. Importantly, we identified MDR-1, MDR-3, Endophilin-A2 and PABP4 that were enriched only in DU145 Tax-Res exosomes. We validated the presence of these proteins in the serum of a small cohort of patients. DU145 cells that have uptaken DU145 Tax-Res exosomes show properties of increased matrix degradation. In summary, exosomes derived from DU145 Tax-Res cells may be a valuable source of biomarkers for response to therapy.
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PII: 3226