Research Papers:
Expression of Nrf2 and NF-κB transcription factors in breast cancer and breast fibroadenoma: Insights for a new therapeutic approach
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Abstract
Camila Maria Simplicio-Revoredo1, Renato de Oliveira Pereira2, Mariella de Almeida Melo2, Pedro Vitor Lopes-Costa2,3, Paulo de Tarso Moura-Borges3, Emerson Brandão Sousa3, Fidelis Manes Neto2, Viriato Campelo2, Ione Maria Ribeiro Soares-Lopes2, Maria da Conceição Barros-Oliveira1, Cleciton Braga Tavares1, Alesse Ribeiro dos Santos3, Camila Guedes Borges de Araújo2, Eid Gonçalves Coelho1, Larysse Cardoso Campos-Verdes1, Aldenora Oliveira do Nascimento-Holanda2, Jackeline Lopes Viana3, Maria Liduina Meneses Bezerra-Chaves3, Rodrigo José de Vasconcelos-Valença2, Lina Gomes dos Santos1, Lauro Rodolpho Soares-Lopes2, André Luiz Pinho-Sobral3, Luiz Henrique Gebrim1 and Benedito Borges da Silva1,2,3
1 Postgraduate Program, Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Department of Health, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí 64000-020, Brazil
2 Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Department of Mastology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí 64000-020, Brazil
3 Getúlio Vargas Hospital, Department of Mastology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí 64000-020, Brazil
Correspondence to:
| Benedito Borges da Silva, | email: | [email protected] |
Keywords: breast cancer; fibroadenoma; NRF2; NF-κB; immunohistochemistry
Received: November 25, 2019 Accepted: April 03, 2020 Published: May 05, 2020
ABSTRACT
Background: Cancer and fibroadenoma are the most common breast tumors in women of reproductive age. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) transcription factor play an important role in the inflammatory process and in cell proliferation. However, few studies have analyzed these markers in breast cancer and fibroadenoma in women of reproductive age.
Results: Light microscopy showed a higher concentration of anti-Nrf2 and anti-NF-κB-stained nuclei in breast cancer than in fibroadenoma. The mean percentage of stained nuclei for Nrf2 was 7.12 ± 5.2 and 43.21 ± 19.83 in the control and study groups, respectively (p < 0.0001). The mean percentage of anti-NF-κB was 10.75 ± 7.09 and 56.14 ± 21.19 (mean ± standard deviation) in the control and study groups, respectively (p < 0.0001). Histological grade 3 tumors showed a significantly higher expression of Nrf2 and NF-κB than grade 1 tumors (p < 0.05).
Material and methods: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Federal University of Piaui and all patients assigned an inform consent term prior to the study initiation. Nrf2 and NF-κB expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 66 patients, divided into two groups, control (fibroadenoma, n = 36) and study (cancer, n = 30). The data were analyzed using ANOVA test and the statistical significance was established at p < 0.05.
Conclusion: Nrf2 and NF-κB expression was significantly higher in breast cancer than in fibroadenoma, in addition to having a greater association with more aggressive tumors.
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