Research Papers:
Recurrent hotspot SF3B1 mutations at codon 625 in vulvovaginal mucosal melanoma identified in a study of 27 Australian mucosal melanomas
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Abstract
Camelia Quek1,2, Robert V. Rawson1,2,3, Peter M. Ferguson1,2,3, Ping Shang1,2, Ines Silva1,2, Robyn P.M. Saw1,2,3, Kerwin Shannon1,3,5, John F. Thompson1,2,3, Nicholas K. Hayward1,6, Georgina V. Long1,2,4, Graham J. Mann1,2,5, Richard A. Scolyer1,2,3 and James S. Wilmott1,2
1Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
2Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
3Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
4Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
5Centre for Cancer Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
6QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
Correspondence to:
James S. Wilmott, email: [email protected]
Keywords: spliceosome; mucosal melanoma; SF3B1; hotspot mutation; targeted sequencing
Received: October 17, 2018 Accepted: December 16, 2018 Published: January 29, 2019
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Clinical outcomes for mucosal melanomas are often poor due to a lack of effective systemic drug therapies. Identifying driver genes in mucosal melanoma may enhance the understanding of disease pathogenesis and provide novel opportunities to develop effective therapies.
Results: Somatic variant analysis identified SF3B1 (6 of 27: 22%) as the most commonly mutated gene, followed by KIT (3 of 27: 11%). Other less frequently mutated genes (4% otherwise stated) included BRAF (7%), NRAS (7%), ARID2, CTNNB1, DICER1, MAP2K1, NF1, PTEN, SETD2 and TP53. Recurrent SF3B1 p.R625 hotspot mutations were exclusively detected in vulvovaginal (5 of 19: 26%) and anorectal melanomas (3 of 5:60%). The only other SF3B1 mutation was a p.C1123Y mutation that occurred in a conjunctival mucosal melanoma.
SF3B1-mutated patients were associated with shorter overall survival (OS; 34.9 months) and progression-free survival (PFS; 16.9 months) compared to non-SF3B1-mutated patients (OS: 79.7 months, log-rank P = 0.1172; PFS: 35.7 months, log-rank P = 0.0963).
Conclusion: Molecular subgroups of mucosal melanoma with SF3B1 mutations occurred predominantly in the vulvovaginal region. SF3B1 mutations may have a negative prognostic impact.
Methods: Formalin-fixed biopsies were collected from 27 pathologically-confirmed mucosal melanomas. Genomic DNA was isolated from the tumor tissue and sequenced using a novel dual-strand amplicon sequencing technique to determine the frequency and types of mutations across 45 target genes.
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