Oncotarget

Research Papers:

Concomitant targeting of the mTOR/MAPK pathways: novel therapeutic strategy in subsets of RICTOR/KRAS-altered non-small cell lung cancer

Dennis Ruder, Vassiliki Papadimitrakopoulou, Kazuhiko Shien, Carmen Behrens, Neda Kalhor, Huiqin Chen, Li Shen, J. Jack Lee, Waun Ki Hong, Ximing Tang, Luc Girard, John D. Minna, Lixia Diao, Jing Wang, Barbara Mino, Pamela Villalobos, Jaime Rodriguez-Canales, Nana E. Hanson, James Sun, Vincent Miller, Joel Greenbowe, Garrett Frampton, Roy S. Herbst, Veera Baladandayuthapani, Ignacio I. Wistuba and Julie G. Izzo _

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Oncotarget. 2018; 9:33995-34008. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.26129

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Abstract

Dennis Ruder1,2, Vassiliki Papadimitrakopoulou4, Kazuhiko Shien2, Carmen Behrens4, Neda Kalhor5, Huiqin Chen6, Li Shen3, J. Jack Lee6, Waun Ki Hong4, Ximing Tang2, Luc Girard7, John D. Minna7, Lixia Diao3, Jing Wang3, Barbara Mino2, Pamela Villalobos2, Jaime Rodriguez-Canales2, Nana E. Hanson2, James Sun9, Vincent Miller9, Joel Greenbowe9, Garrett Frampton9, Roy S. Herbst8, Veera Baladandayuthapani6, Ignacio I. Wistuba2 and Julie G. Izzo2

1Graduate Program in Human and Molecular Genetics and Cancer Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA

2Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA

3Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA

4Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA

5Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA

6Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA

7Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

8Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA

9Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

Correspondence to:

Julie G. Izzo, email: [email protected]

Ignacio I. Wistuba, email: [email protected]

Keywords: RICTOR gene abnormalities; KRAS mutation; MAPK pathway; mTORC2; non-small cell lung cancer

Received: April 13, 2018     Accepted: September 09, 2018     Published: September 21, 2018

ABSTRACT

Despite a therapeutic paradigm shift into targeted-driven medicinal approaches, resistance to therapy remains a hallmark of lung cancer, driven by biological and molecular diversity. Using genomic and expression data from advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients enrolled in the BATTLE-2 clinical trial, we identified RICTOR alterations in a subset of lung adenocarcinomas and found RICTOR expression to carry worse overall survival. RICTOR-altered cohort was significantly enriched in KRAS/MAPK axis mutations, suggesting a co-oncogenic driver role in these molecular settings. Using NSCLC cell lines, we showed that, distinctly in KRAS mutant backgrounds, RICTOR blockade impairs malignant properties and generates a compensatory enhanced activation of the MAPK pathway, exposing a unique therapeutic vulnerability. In vitro and in vivo concomitant pharmacologic inhibition of mTORC1/2 and MEK1/2 resulted in synergistic responses of anti-tumor effects. Our study provides evidence of a distinctive therapeutic opportunity in a subset of NSCLC carrying concomitant RICTOR/KRAS alterations.


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