Oncotarget

Research Papers:

Anti-podocalyxin antibody exerts antitumor effects via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in mouse xenograft models of oral squamous cell carcinoma

Shunsuke Itai, Tomokazu Ohishi, Mika K. Kaneko, Shinji Yamada, Shinji Abe, Takuro Nakamura, Miyuki Yanaka, Yao-Wen Chang, Shun-Ichi Ohba, Yasuhiko Nishioka, Manabu Kawada, Hiroyuki Harada and Yukinari Kato _

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Oncotarget. 2018; 9:22480-22497. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.25132

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Abstract

Shunsuke Itai1,2, Tomokazu Ohishi3, Mika K. Kaneko1, Shinji Yamada1, Shinji Abe4,5, Takuro Nakamura1, Miyuki Yanaka1, Yao-Wen Chang1, Shun-Ichi Ohba3, Yasuhiko Nishioka5, Manabu Kawada3, Hiroyuki Harada2 and Yukinari Kato1,6

1Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan

2Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan

3Institute of Microbial Chemistry, BIKAKEN, Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Numazu-shi, Shizuoka 410-0301, Japan

4Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice Pedagogy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan

5Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan

6New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan

Correspondence to:

Yukinari Kato, email: [email protected], [email protected]

Keywords: podocalyxin; PODXL; monoclonal antibody; antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity; oral squamous cell carcinoma

Received: October 26, 2017     Accepted: March 24, 2018     Published: April 27, 2018

ABSTRACT

Podocalyxin (PODXL) overexpression is associated with progression, metastasis, and poor outcomes in cancers. We recently produced the novel anti-PODXL monoclonal antibody (mAb) PcMab-47 (IgG1, kappa). Herein, we engineered PcMab-47 into 47-mG2a, a mouse IgG2a-type mAb, to add antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). We further developed 47-mG2a-f, a core fucose-deficient type of 47-mG2a to augment its ADCC. Immunohistochemical analysis of oral cancer tissues using PcMab-47 and 47-mG2a revealed that the latter stained oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells in a cytoplasmic pattern at a much lower concentration. PcMab-47 and 47-mG2a detected PODXL in 163/201 (81.1%) and in 197/201 (98.0%) OSCC samples, respectively. 47-mG2a-f also detected PODXL in OSCCs at a similar frequency as 47-mG2a. In vitro analysis revealed that both 47-mG2a and 47-mG2a-f exhibited strong complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) against CHO/hPODXL cells. In contrast, 47-mG2a-f exhibited much stronger ADCC than 47-mG2a against OSCC cells, indicating that ADCC and CDC of those anti-PODXL mAbs depend on target cells. In vivo analysis revealed that both 47-mG2a and 47-mG2a-f exerted antitumor activity in CHO/hPODXL xenograft models at a dose of 100 μg or 500 μg/mouse/week administered twice. 47-mG2a-f, but not 47-mG2a, exerted antitumor activity in SAS and HSC-2 xenograft models at a dose of 100 μg/mouse/week administered three times. Although both 47-mG2a and 47-mG2a-f exerted antitumor activity in HSC-2 xenograft models at a dose of 500 μg/mouse/week administered twice, 47-mG2a-f also showed higher antitumor activity than 47-mG2a. These results suggested that a core fucose-deficient anti-PODXL mAb could be useful for antibody-based therapy against PODXL-expressing OSCCs.


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