Reviews:
Role of tumor microenvironment in ovarian cancer pathobiology
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Abstract
Alia Ghoneum1, Hesham Afify1, Ziyan Salih2, Michael Kelly3 and Neveen Said1,2,4
1Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
2Department of Cancer Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
3Department of Cancer Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
4Department of Cancer Urology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA
Correspondence to:
Neveen Said, email: [email protected]
Keywords: ovarian cancer; tumor microenvironment; peritoneal metastasis; targeted therapy; resistance and recurrence
Received: July 10, 2017 Accepted: January 21, 2018 Published: April 27, 2018
ABSTRACT
Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cancer affecting the female population and at present, stands as the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. Poor prognosis and low five-year survival rate are attributed to nonspecific symptoms and below par diagnostic criteria at early phases along with a lack of effective treatment at advanced stages. It is thus of utmost importance to understand ovarian carcinoma through several lenses including its molecular pathogenesis, epidemiology, histological subtypes, hereditary factors, diagnostic approaches and methods of treatment. Above all, it is crucial to dissect the role that the unique peritoneal tumor microenvironment plays in ovarian cancer progression and metastasis. This review seeks to highlight several important aspects of ovarian cancer pathobiology as a means to provide the necessary background to approach ovarian malignancies in the future.
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