Dose-finding study of intensive weekly alternating schedule of docetaxel, 5-fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin, FD/FOx regimen, in metastatic gastric cancer

Abstract

Introduction: Proper administration timing, dose-intensity, efficacy/toxicity ratio of triplet docetaxel (DTX), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and oxaliplatin (OXP) should be improved to safely perform three-drugs intensive first line in advanced gastric cancer (GC). This dose-finding study investigated recommended 5-FU and OXP doses, safety of triplet regimen and preliminary activity.

Methods: Schedule: 12h-timed-flat-infusion 5-FU 700-1000 mg/m²/d 1-2, 8-9, 15-16, 22-23, with 100 mg/m²/d increase for dose level; DTX 50 mg/m² d 1, 15 fixed dose, OXP at three increasing dose-levels 60-70-80 mg/m² d 8, 22, every 4 weeks. Intra- and inter-patients dose-escalation was planned.

Results: Ten fit <75 years patients were enrolled: median age 59; young-elderly 4 (40%). From first to fifth dose level, 5 patients (1 per cohort) were enrolled according to intra-patient dose escalation, no dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) were reported. At sixth level, 1 DLT, G2 diarrhea, was reported, thus other 2 patients were enrolled, DLT 1/3 patients (33%). Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was not reached. 5-FU and OXP recommended doses (RD) were 1000 mg/m²/d and 80 mg/m², respectively. To confirm RD, other 3 patients were enrolled, without DLT. Cumulative G3-4 toxicities were: neutropenia 50%, leucopenia 20%, hypoalbuminemia 10%, mucositis 10%, asthenia 20%. Limiting toxicity syndromes were 30%, 25% in young-elderly, all multiple site. Objective response rate intent-to-treat 60%, disease control rate 90%. After 15 months follow-up, progression-free and overall survival, 6 and 17 months, respectively.

Conclusions: First line intensive FD/FOx regimen adding DXT/5-FU/OXP can be safely administered at recommended doses in advanced GC, with promising high activity and efficacy.