Standardized tumor volume: an independent prognostic factor in advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Abstract

The study evaluated the prognostic effect of standardized tumor volume in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Between Jan 1, 2009 and December 30, 2012, 143 patients diagnosed with NPC in UICC stage III–IVb by histopathology were enrolled in the study. These patients underwent intensity-modulated radiotherapy combined with concurrent chemotherapy. The three-dimensional images of tumor volume were reconstructed automatically by the treatment planning system. SGTVnx was calculated based on GTVnx/person’s volume. SGTVnd was calculated based on GTVnd/person’s volume. SGTVnx was significantly associated with the 5-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), DMFS, and LRFS rates in univariate and multivariate analyses. Although SGTVnd was associated with the 5-year OS, DFS, and DMFS rates, it was not an independent prognostic factor for LRFS. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, 1.091 and 0.273 were determined as the cut-off points for SGTVnx and SGTVnd, respectively. The 5-year OS, DFS, DMFS, and LRFS rates for patients with a SGTVnx > 1.091 vs. SGTVnx ≤ 1.091 was 65.4% vs. 93.4% (P < 0.001), 65.2% vs. 94.8% (P < 0.001), 71.4% vs. 97.4% (P < 0.001), and 84.8% vs. 97.3% (P = 0.003), respectively, for SGTVnd > 0.273 vs. SGTVnd ≤ 0.273 was 70.3% vs. 96.5% (P < 0.001), 70.1% vs. 94.8% (P < 0.001), 77.5% vs. 98.2% (P < 0.001), and 88.5% vs. 96.6% (P = 0.049), respectively. UICC stage grouping, T classification, N classification, and sex were not found to be independent prognostic factors for NPC. Standardized tumor volume was an independent prognostic factor for NPC that might improve the current NPC TNM classification system and provide new clinical evidence for personalized treatment strategies.