Research Papers:
Functional and non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours: ENETS or AJCC TNM staging system?
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Abstract
Min Yang1,*, Neng-Wen Ke2,*, Yi Zhang2,*, Chun-Lu Tan2, Bo-Le Tian2, Xu-Bao Liu2, Wei Huang3,4, Quentin Nunes4 and Robert Sutton4
1Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
2Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
3Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
4National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Liverpool Pancreas Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
*These authors have contributed equally to this work and shared the co-first authorship
Correspondence to:
Xu-Bao Liu, email: [email protected]
Keywords: pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, functional status, TNM, ENETS, AJCC
Received: December 19, 2016 Accepted: June 12, 2017 Published: August 07, 2017
ABSTRACT
Background: There are currently 2 Tumour-Node-Metastasis (TNM) staging systems for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (p-NETs) - European Neuroendocrine Tumour Society (ENETS) and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). P-NETs being heterogeneous, we investigated the prognostic value of the 2 systems in p-NETs, as a whole, and more interestingly in functional and non-functional sub-groups separately, with a view to ascertaining any potential clinical benefits of using one system over the other.
Methods: Data from patients with surgically resected p-NETs were retrospectively reviewed. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox Regression proportional hazards model were used to analyse overall survival (OS) and prognostic predictors respectively.
Results: In the whole group of 165 patients, both TNM systems successfully discriminated OS differences when comparing stages I and II with stages III and IV (P<0.05); ENETS stage III patients had a significantly better OS than those in stage IV (P=0.003). Patients with functional p-NETs in ENETS stage II showed a statistically better OS than those in stages III and IV (P<0.05). For non-functional tumours, the AJCC staging system could effectively discriminate between the OS differences of patients in stage I with stages III and IV, or stage II with III and IV (P<0.05). Along with surgical intent and World Health Organisation (WHO) 2010 grade, both ENETS and AJCC staging systems were effective predictors of OS for different function-status p-NETs.
Conclusions: The ENETS system might have potential advantages when applied to all p-NETs and to the functional sub-group, while the AJCC system might be clinically more practical for non-functional p-NETs.
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