Immunological consequences of ageing microvascular hemodynamic changes in view of cancer development and treatment

Jinhyuk Fred Chung; Sang Joon Lee; Anil K. Sood

doi:10.18632/oncotarget.17749

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Immunological consequences of ageing microvascular hemodynamic changes in view of cancer development and treatment

Jinhyuk Fred Chung _, Sang Joon Lee and Anil K. Sood

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Oncotarget. 2017; 8:69047-69061. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.17749

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Abstract

Jinhyuk Fred Chung1, Sang Joon Lee2,3 and Anil K. Sood4,5

1Xylonix Pte. Ltd., Singapore

2Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology (IBB), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea

3Center for Biofluid and Biomimic Research, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, South Korea

4Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine and Cancer Biology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

5Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

Correspondence to:

Jinhyuk Fred Chung, email: [email protected]

Keywords: immunity, cancer, hemodynamics, ageing, hypertension

Received: December 08, 2016 Accepted: April 24, 2017 Published: May 10, 2017

ABSTRACT

Risk factors of cardiovascular diseases have long been implicated as risk factors for carcinogenesis, but clear explanations for their association have not been presented. In this article, fundamental concepts from carcinogenesis, microvascular hemodynamics, and immunity are collectively reviewed and analyzed in context of the known features of vascular ageing effects, in formulating a theory that suggests reduced microvascular immunity as an important driving factor for carcinogenesis. Furthermore, scientific, preclinical, and clinical evidence that support this new theory are presented in an interdisciplinary manner, offering new explanations to previously unanswered factors that impact cancer risks and its treatment outcome such as chronic drug use, temperature, stress and exercise effects among others. Forward-looking topics discussing the implications of this new idea to cancer immunotherapeutics are also discussed.

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Immunological consequences of ageing microvascular hemodynamic changes in view of cancer development and treatment

Abstract