Research Papers:
Cancer killers in the human gut microbiota: diverse phylogeny and broad spectra
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Abstract
Yu-Jie Zhou1,2, Dan-Dan Zhao1,2, Huidi Liu1,2, Hao-Ting Chen1,2, Jia-Jing Li1,2, Xiao-Qin Mu1,2, Zheng Liu3, Xia Li1,2, Le Tang1,2,6, Zhan-Yi Zhao1,2, Ji-Heng Wu1,2, Yu-Xuan Cai1,2, Ya-Zhuo Huang1,2, Peng-Ge Wang1,2, Yi-Yue Jia1,2, Pei-Qiang Liang1,2, Xue Peng1,2, Si-Yu Chen1,2, Zhi-Lin Yue1,2, Xin-Yuan Yuan1,2,7, Tammy Lu1,2,8, Bing-Qing Yao1,2, Yong-Guo Li4, Gui-Rong Liu1,2 and Shu-Lin Liu1,2,4,5
1Systemomics Center, College of Pharmacy, and Genomics Research Center, State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
2HMU-UCFM Centre for Infection and Genomics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
3Colorectal Surgery Department, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
4Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
5Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
6Current affiliation: Department of Ecosystems and Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
7Current affiliation: Life Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
8Current affiliation: Biomedical Science, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
Correspondence to:
Shu-Lin Liu, email: [email protected]
Keywords: cancer, malignancy killer, Actinobacteria, gut microbiota, leukemia
Received: December 12, 2016 Accepted: April 02, 2017 Published: April 21, 2017
ABSTRACT
Cancer as a large group of complex diseases is believed to result from the interactions of numerous genetic and environmental factors but may develop in people without any known genetic or environmental risks, suggesting the existence of other powerful factors to influence the carcinogenesis process. Much attention has been focused recently on particular members of the intestinal microbiota for their potential roles in promoting carcinogenesis. Here we report the identification and characterization of intestinal bacteria that exhibited potent anti-malignancy activities on a broad range of solid cancers and leukemia. We collected fecal specimens from healthy individuals of different age groups (preschool children and university students), inspected their effects on cancer cells, and obtained bacteria with potent anti-malignancy activities. The bacteria mostly belonged to Actinobacteria but also included lineages of other phyla such as Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. In animal cancer models, sterile culture supernatant from the bacteria highly effectively inhibited tumor growth. Remarkably, intra-tumor administration of the bacterial products prevented metastasis and even cleared cancer cells at remote locations from the tumor site. This work demonstrates the prevalent existence of potent malignancy-killers in the human intestinal microbiota, which may routinely clear malignant cells from the body before they form cancers.
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