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This article has been corrected. Correction in: Oncotarget. 2017; 8:62816.

Metabolic syndrome, endocrine disruptors and prostate cancer associations: biochemical and pathophysiological evidences

Vincenzo Quagliariello _, Sabrina Rossetti, Carla Cavaliere, Rossella Di Palo, Elvira Lamantia, Luigi Castaldo, Flavia Nocerino, Gianluca Ametrano, Francesca Cappuccio, Gabriella Malzone, Micaela Montanari, Daniela Vanacore, Francesco Jacopo Romano, Raffaele Piscitelli, Gelsomina Iovane, Maria Filomena Pepe, Massimiliano Berretta, Carmine D’Aniello, Sisto Perdonà, Paolo Muto, Gerardo Botti, Gennaro Ciliberto, Bianca Maria Veneziani, Francesco De Falco, Piera Maiolino, Michele Caraglia, Maurizio Montella, Rosario Vincenzo Iaffaioli and Gaetano Facchini

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Oncotarget. 2017; 8:30606-30616. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.16725

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Abstract

Vincenzo Quagliariello1,2,3,16, Sabrina Rossetti1,2, Carla Cavaliere1,4, Rossella Di Palo1,5, Elvira Lamantia1,6, Luigi Castaldo1,7, Flavia Nocerino8, Gianluca Ametrano1,5, Francesca Cappuccio1,9, Gabriella Malzone1,6, Micaela Montanari1,10, Daniela Vanacore1, Francesco Jacopo Romano1, Raffaele Piscitelli1,11, Gelsomina Iovane2, Maria Filomena Pepe1,6, Massimiliano Berretta12,16, Carmine D’Aniello1,13, Sisto Perdonà7, Paolo Muto5, Gerardo Botti6, Gennaro Ciliberto14,17, Bianca Maria Veneziani10, Francesco De Falco9, Piera Maiolino11, Michele Caraglia15, Maurizio Montella8, Rosario Vincenzo Iaffaioli3,16 and Gaetano Facchini1,2,16

1 Progetto ONCONET2.0 - Linea progettuale 14 per l’implementazione della prevenzione e diagnosi precoce del tumore alla prostata e testicolo, Regione Campania, Italy

2 Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Uro-Gynaecological Oncology , Istituto Nazionale Tumori ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’ - IRCCS, Naples, Italy

3 Medical Oncology, Abdominal Department, National Cancer Institute G. Pascale Foundation, Napoli, Italy

4 Department of Onco-Ematology Medical Oncology, S.G. Moscati Hospital of Taranto, Taranto, Italy

5 Radiation Oncology, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori ‘Fondazione Giovanni Pascale’ - IRCCS, Napoli, Italy

6 Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori “Fondazione G. Pascale”-IRCCS, Naples, Italy

7 Division of Urology, Department of Uro-Gynaecological Oncology , Istituto Nazionale Tumori ‘Fondazione G. Pascale’ - IRCCS, Naples, Italy

8 Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori ‘Fondazione Giovanni Pascale’ - IRCCS, Napoli, Italy

9 Psicology Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori ‘Fondazione Giovanni Pascale’ - IRCCS, Napoli, Italy

10 Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy

11 Pharmacy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy

12 Department of Medical Oncology, CRO Aviano, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy

13 Division of Medical Oncology, A.O.R.N. dei COLLI “Ospedali Monaldi-Cotugno-CTO”, Napoli, Italy

14 Scientific Directorate, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori ‘Fondazione Giovanni Pascale’ - IRCCS, Napoli, Italy

15 Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy

16 Association for Multidisciplinary Studies in Oncology and Mediterranean Diet, Piazza Nicola Amore, Naples, Italy

17 Scientific Directorate, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori ‘Regina Elena’ - IRCCS, Roma, Italy

Correspondence to:

Vincenzo Quagliariello, email:

Keywords: metabolic syndrome, endocrine disruptors, prostate, cancer, nutrition

Received: October 28, 2016 Accepted: February 06, 2017 Published: March 30, 2017

Abstract

This review summarizes the main pathophysiological basis of the relationship between metabolic syndrome, endocrine disruptor exposure and prostate cancer that is the most common cancer among men in industrialized countries. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic and hormonal factors having a central role in the initiation and recurrence of many western chronic diseases including hormonal-related cancers and it is considered as the world’s leading health problem in the coming years. Many biological factors correlate metabolic syndrome to prostate cancer and this review is aimed to focus, principally, on growth factors, cytokines, adipokines, central obesity, endocrine abnormalities and exposure to specific endocrine disruptors, a cluster of chemicals, to which we are daily exposed, with a hormone-like structure influencing oncogenes, tumor suppressors and proteins with a key role in metabolism, cell survival and chemo-resistance of prostate cancer cells. Finally, this review will analyze, from a molecular point of view, how specific foods could reduce the relative risk of incidence and recurrence of prostate cancer or inhibit the biological effects of endocrine disruptors on prostate cancer cells. On the basis of these considerations, prostate cancer remains a great health problem in terms of incidence and prevalence and interventional studies based on the treatment of metabolic syndrome in cancer patients, minimizing exposure to endocrine disruptors, could be a key point in the overall management of this disease.


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PII: 16725