Research Papers:
Luteolin reduces inflammation in Staphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis by inhibiting NF-kB activation and MMPs expression
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Abstract
Ying-fang Guo1, Nian-nian Xu1, Weijing Sun1, Yifan Zhao1, Cheng-ye Li1, Meng-yao Guo1
1College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence to:
Meng-yao Guo, email: [email protected]
Keywords: luteolin, mastitis, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), anti-inflammation, inflammatory signal pathway
Received: February 01, 2017 Accepted: March 02, 2017 Published: March 10, 2017
ABSTRACT
Mastitis is a serious and prevalent disease caused by infection by pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanism of luteolin, a natural flavonoid with a wide range of pharmacological activities, in a mouse model of S. aureus mastitis. We also treated cultured mouse mammary epithelial cells (mMECs) with S. aureus and luteolin. Histopathological changes were examined by H&E staining and the levels of inflammatory cytokine proteins were analyzed using ELISAs. We determined mRNA levels with qPCR and the level of NF-κB and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) proteins by Western blotting. The observed histopathological changes showed that luteolin protected mammary glands with S. aureus infection from tissue destruction and inflammatory cell infiltration. Luteolin inhibited the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, all of which were increased with S. aureus infection of mammary tissues and mMECs. S. aureus-induced TLR2 and TLR4 was suppressed by luteolin, as were levels of IκBα and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2 were enhanced. These findings suggest luteolin is a potentially effective new treatment to reduce tissue damage and inflammation from S. aureus-induced mastitis.
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PII: 16092