Research Papers:
C-terminal binding protein-2 promotes cell proliferation and migration in breast cancer via suppression of p16INK4A
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Abstract
Xiaojing Yang1, Yi Sun1, Hongling Li1, Yuhui Shao1, Depeng Zhao2, Weiwei Yu1, Jie Fu1
1Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
2Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
Correspondence to:
Jie Fu, email: [email protected]
Keywords: CtBP2, p16INK4A, breast cancer, proliferation, migration
Received: September 27, 2016 Accepted: February 01, 2017 Published: February 16, 2017
ABSTRACT
C-terminal binding protein-2 (CtBP2) enhances cancer proliferation and metastasis. The role and mechanism of CtBP2 in breast cancer remains to be elucidated. Western blot and immunochemistry were employed to evaluate the level of CtBP2 and p16INK4A in breast cancer. Genetic manipulation was used to study the expression of p16INK4A and its downstream genes regulated by CtBP2. Functional assays, including colony formation, wound healing, transwell invasion, anchorage-independent growth assay and a xenograft tumor model were used to determine the oncogenic role of CtBP2 in breast cancer progression. The expression of CtBP2 was increased in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. The expression of p16INK4A were inversely correlated CtBP2 (r2 = 0.43, P < 0.01). The expression of both CtBP2 and p16INK4A were significantly related to histological differentiation (P < 0.01 and P = 0.004, respectively) and metastasis (P = 0.046 and 0.047, respectively). The overall survival rate was lower in patients with increased CtBP2 expression and lower p16INK4A expression. Knockdown of CtBP2 resulted in the activation of p16INK4A and down–regulation of cell cycle regulators cyclin D, cyclin E and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 and 4. This down-regulation also led to a decreased transition of the G1-S phase in breast cancer cells. Moreover, gain-of-function experiments showed that CtBP2 suppressed p16INK4A and matrix metalloproteinase-2, subsequently enhancing the migration in breast cancer. However, the silence of CtBP2 abrogated this effect. Collectively, these findings provide insight into the role CtBP2 plays in promoting proliferation and migration in breast cancer by the inhibition of p16INK4A.
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PII: 15402