Oncotarget

Research Papers:

Circulating MIC-1/GDF15 is a complementary screening biomarker with CEA and correlates with liver metastasis and poor survival in colorectal cancer

Xiaobing Wang _, Zhaogang Yang, Haimei Tian, Yanfen Li, Mo Li, Wenya Zhao, Chao Zhang, Teng Wang, Jing Liu, Aili Zhang, Di Shen, Cuining Zheng, Jun Qi, Dan Zhao, Junfeng Shi, Liliang Jin, Jianyu Rao and Wei Zhang

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Oncotarget. 2017; 8:24892-24901. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.15279

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Abstract

Xiaobing Wang1,*, Zhaogang Yang2,*, Haimei Tian1, Yanfen Li1, Mo Li1, Wenya Zhao1, Chao Zhang1, Teng Wang1, Jing Liu1, Aili Zhang2, Di Shen3, Cuining Zheng3, Jun Qi3, Dan Zhao4, Junfeng Shi2,5, Liliang Jin6, Jianyu Rao1, Wei Zhang1

1Tumor Marker Research Center, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China

2NSF Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center (NSEC), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

3Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China

4Department of Gynecological Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China

5Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA

6Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA

*These authors have contributed equally to this work

Correspondence to:

Wei Zhang, email: [email protected]

Keywords: colorectal cancer, biomarker, screening, liver metastasis, prognosis

Received: September 13, 2016    Accepted: January 06, 2017    Published: February 11, 2017

ABSTRACT

Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1/GDF15) has been characterized as a candidate biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC) recently. However, the role of serum MIC-1 in screening patients with early stage CRC and monitoring therapeutic response have not been well-established, particularly in the combination with CEA for the screening and the prejudgment of occurrence with liver metastasis. In this study, we performed a retrospective blinded evaluation of 987 serum samples from 473 individuals with CRC, 25 with adenomatous polyps, and 489 healthy individuals using ELISA or immunoassay. The sensitivity of serum MIC-1 was 43.8% and 38.5% for CRC diagnosis and early diagnosis, respectively, which were independent of and comparatively higher than for CEA (36.6% and 27.3%) at comparable specificity. Serum MIC-1 after surgery were significantly elevated at the time of tumor recurrence, and notable increase were observed in 100% patients with liver metastasis. Besides the TNM classification and differentiation grade, MIC-1 was an independent prognostic factor contributing to overall survival. We conclude that MIC-1 can act as a candidate complementary biomarker for screening early-stage CRC by combination with CEA, and furthermore, for the first time, identify a promising prognostic indicator for monitoring recurrence with liver metastasis, to support strategies towards personalized therapy.


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