Research Papers:
Clinical significance of putative markers of cancer stem cells in gastric cancer: A retrospective cohort study
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Abstract
Xiao-Long Chen1,2,*, Xin-Zu Chen1,2,*, Yi-Gao Wang1,2,*, Du He3, Zheng-Hao Lu1,2, Kai Liu1,2, Wei-Han Zhang1,2, Wei Wang1,2, Chang-Chun Li1,2, Lian Xue1,2, Lin-Yong Zhao1,2, Kun Yang1,2, Jian-Ping Liu3, Zong-Guang Zhou1,4, Jian-Kun Hu1,2, Xian-Ming Mo5
1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
2Laboratory of Gastric Cancer, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
3Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
4Institute of Digestive Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
5Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
*These authors have contributed equally to this work
Correspondence to:
Jian-Kun Hu, email: [email protected]
Keywords: gastric cancer, cancer stem cells, markers, prognosis, nomogram
Received: December 22, 2015 Accepted: August 08, 2016 Published: August 19, 2016
ABSTRACT
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought as the source of tumor maintaining and many CSCs markers have been identified. Regarding the heterogeneity in gastric cancer (GC), TNM stage is not enough to accurately predict the prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of CSCs markers (Lgr5, Oct4, CD133, EpCAM, CD54 and Sox2) and establish a new model based on these markers to accurately predict prognosis of GC. We retrospectively enrolled 377 GC tissues from January 2006 to October 2012 to perform immunohistochemistry (IHC), and 93 pairs of GC tissues and corresponding adjacent normal gastric tissues to perform quantitative PCR (qPCR) from December 2011 to October 2012. The clinicopathological and follow-up characteristics were collected. In IHC, Oct4, CD133 and EpCAM were independently related to tumor progression, while Sox2 were associated with well or moderate differentiation (all p<0.05). Cox regression showed that Oct4-EpCAM was an independently prognostic factor, indicating that double low expression of Oct4-EpCAM group had significantly better prognosis than control group (p=0.035). Regarding qPCR, CD133 was an independent prognostic factor, showing that the prognosis of patients with CD133 high expression was significantly worse than that of patients with CD133 low expression (p<0.001). The prognostic prediction accuracy of nomogram based on Oct4-EpCAM expression in IHC was significantly better than TNM stage alone (p=0.003). Low expressions of Oct4-EpCAM in IHC and CD133 in qPCR were favorable prognostic factors in GC. The nomogram based on Oct4-EpCAM was valuable in prognostic prediction of GC patients.
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