Prognostic values of normal preoperative serum cancer markers for gastric cancer

Abstract

We examined the prognostic value of normal levels of four serum cancer markers, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate associated antigen (CA19-9), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and cancer antigen 125 (CA125), in gastric cancer patients. Among 1927 gastric cancer patients enrolled in this study, 1477 were male (76.6%) and 450 were female (23.4%). The median age was 57 years (range 20-86). Clinicopathological features and survival times were recorded, and the association between CEA, CA19-9, AFP, and CA125 levels and patient prognosis was analyzed. The optimal cut-off values were 0.71 for CEA (P=0.317), 9.22 for CA19-9 (P=0.009), 3.76 for AFP (P=0.008) and 15.65 for CA125 (P=0.006). Serum CA19-9 levels correlated with gender, age, and tumor depth (all P<0.05); AFP levels correlated with pathological type (P=0.005); and CA125 levels correlated with gender, tumor size, pathological type, tumor depth and lymph node metastasis (all P<0.05). Relatively high levels of CA19-9, AFP and CA125, still within the normal range, were all associated with poor prognosis (5-year overall survival: 70.6% vs 64.2%, P<0.001. 69.6% vs 54.5%, P=0.011. 70.2% vs 54.9%, P<0.001). However, only CA19-9 and AFP levels were independent prognostic predictors. We conclude that the combined assessment of CA19-9, AFP and CA125 levels could have prognostic value in gastric cancer (P<0.001).